Update Thread-safe APIs for Godot 4.5

Author: Calinou

tutorials/performance/thread_safe_apis.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-:article_outdated: True
-
 .. _doc_thread_safe_apis:
 
 Thread-safe APIs
@@ -16,14 +14,23 @@ Below is a list of ways multithreading can be used in different areas of Godot.
 Global scope
 ------------
 
-:ref:`Global Scope<class_@GlobalScope>` singletons are all thread-safe. Accessing servers from threads is supported (for RenderingServer and Physics servers, ensure threaded or thread-safe operation is enabled in the project settings!).
+Most :ref:`Global Scope<class_@GlobalScope>` singletons are thread-safe by default.
+Accessing servers from threads is supported. However, for the
+:ref:`rendering <doc_thread_safe_apis_rendering>` and
+:ref:`physics <doc_thread_safe_apis_physics>` servers,
+thread-safe operation must be enabled in the project settings first.
 
-This makes them ideal for code that creates dozens of thousands of instances in servers and controls them from threads. Of course, it requires a bit more code, as this is used directly and not within the scene tree.
+This makes singletons ideal for code that creates dozens of thousands of instances
+in servers and controls them from threads. Of course, it requires a bit more
+code, as this is used directly and not within the scene tree.
 
 Scene tree
 ----------
 
-Interacting with the active scene tree is **NOT** thread-safe. Make sure to use mutexes when sending data between threads. If you want to call functions from a thread, the *call_deferred* function may be used:
+Interacting with the active scene tree is **not** thread-safe. Make sure
+to use mutexes when sending data between threads. If you want to call
+functions or set properties from a thread, you may use
+:ref:`call_deferred <class_Object_method_call_deferred>` or :ref:`set_deferred <class_Object_method_set_deferred>`:
 
 .. tabs::
  .. code-tab:: gdscript
@@ -40,7 +47,9 @@ Interacting with the active scene tree is **NOT** thread-safe. Make sure to use
     // Safe:
     node.CallDeferred(Node.MethodName.AddChild, childNode);
 
-However, creating scene chunks (nodes in tree arrangement) outside the active tree is fine. This way, parts of a scene can be built or instantiated in a thread, then added in the main thread:
+However, creating scene chunks (nodes in tree arrangement) outside the active
+tree is fine. This way, parts of a scene can be built or instantiated
+in a thread, then added in the main thread:
 
 .. tabs::
  .. code-tab:: gdscript
@@ -58,36 +67,62 @@ However, creating scene chunks (nodes in tree arrangement) outside the active tr
     world.CallDeferred(Node.MethodName.AddChild, enemy);
 
 Still, this is only really useful if you have **one** thread loading data.
-Attempting to load or create scene chunks from multiple threads may work, but you risk
-resources (which are only loaded once in Godot) tweaked by the multiple
-threads, resulting in unexpected behaviors or crashes.
+Attempting to load or create scene chunks from multiple threads may work,
+but you risk resources (which are only loaded once in Godot) being tweaked
+by the multiple threads, resulting in unexpected behaviors or crashes.
 
 Only use more than one thread to generate scene data if you *really* know what
 you are doing and you are sure that a single resource is not being used or
 set in multiple ones. Otherwise, you are safer just using the servers API
 (which is fully thread-safe) directly and not touching scene or resources.
 
+.. _doc_thread_safe_apis_rendering:
+
 Rendering
 ---------
 
-Instancing nodes that render anything in 2D or 3D (such as Sprite) is *not* thread-safe by default.
-To make rendering thread-safe, set the
-:ref:`Rendering > Driver > Thread Model<class_ProjectSettings_property_rendering/driver/threads/thread_model>`
-project setting to **Multi-Threaded**.
+Instancing nodes that render anything in 2D or 3D (such as :ref:`class_Sprite2D`
+or :ref:`class_MeshInstance3D`) is *not* thread-safe by default. To run the
+rendering driver on a separate thread, set the
+:ref:`Rendering > Driver > Thread Model <class_ProjectSettings_property_rendering/driver/threads/thread_model>`
+project setting to **Separate**.
 
-Note that the Multi-Threaded thread model has several known bugs, so it may not be usable
+Note that the **Separate** thread model has several known bugs, so it may not be usable
 in all scenarios.
 
-You should avoid calling functions involving direct interaction with the GPU on other threads, such as creating new textures
-or modifying and retrieving image data, these operations can lead to performance stalls because they require synchronization
-with the :ref:`RenderingServer<class_RenderingServer>`, as data needs to be transmitted to or updated on the GPU.
+.. warning::
+
+    You should avoid calling functions involving direct interaction with the GPU
+    on other threads, such as creating new textures or modifying and retrieving
+    image data. These operations can lead to performance stalls because they require
+    synchronization with the :ref:`RenderingServer<class_RenderingServer>`,
+    as data needs to be transmitted to or updated on the GPU.
+
+.. _doc_thread_safe_apis_physics:
+
+Physics
+-------
+
+Physics simulation is *not* thread-safe by default. To run the physics servers
+on separate threads (making them thread-safe), enable the following project settings:
+
+- **PhysicsServer2D:** :ref:`Physics > 2D > Run on Separate Thread <class_ProjectSettings_property_physics/2d/run_on_separate_thread>`.
+- **PhysicsServer3D:** :ref:`Physics > 3D > Run on Separate Thread <class_ProjectSettings_property_physics/3d/run_on_separate_thread>`.
 
-GDScript arrays, dictionaries
------------------------------
+GDScript arrays and dictionaries
+--------------------------------
 
-In GDScript, reading and writing elements from multiple threads is OK, but anything that changes the container size (resizing, adding or removing elements) requires locking a mutex.
+In GDScript, reading and writing elements from multiple threads is OK, but anything
+that changes the container size (resizing, adding, or removing elements) requires
+locking a :ref:`mutex <doc_using_multiple_threads_mutexes>`.
 
 Resources
 ---------
 
-Modifying a unique resource from multiple threads is not supported. However handling references on multiple threads is supported, hence loading resources on a thread is as well - scenes, textures, meshes, etc - can be loaded and manipulated on a thread and then added to the active scene on the main thread. The limitation here is as described above, one must be careful not to load the same resource from multiple threads at once, therefore it is easiest to use **one** thread for loading and modifying resources, and then the main thread for adding them.
+Modifying a unique resource from multiple threads is not supported. However,
+handling references on multiple threads *is* supported. Hence loading resources
+on a thread is as well - scenes, textures, meshes, etc - can be loaded and manipulated
+on a thread and then added to the active scene on the main thread. The limitation here
+is as described above: one must be careful not to load the same resource from
+multiple threads at once. Therefore, it's easiest to use **one** thread for loading
+and modifying resources, and then the main thread for adding them.

tutorials/performance/using_multiple_threads.rst

@@ -150,6 +150,8 @@ wait until the thread is done (if not done yet), then properly dispose of it.
     operation. Locking should be done carefully; avoid locking too often (or for
     too long).
 
+.. _doc_using_multiple_threads_mutexes:
+
 Mutexes
 -------