[clang] check constant template parameters in dependent contexts (#159463)

This patch makes sure constant template parameters are checked even in
dependent contexts.

This can for example diagnose narrowings earlier, but this is permitted
as these templates would have no valid instantiations.

Author: mizvekov

clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst

@@ -265,7 +265,8 @@ Improvements to Clang's diagnostics
 - Fixed fix-it hint for fold expressions. Clang now correctly places the suggested right
   parenthesis when diagnosing malformed fold expressions. (#GH151787)
 - Added fix-it hint for when scoped enumerations require explicit conversions for binary operations. (#GH24265)
-
+- Constant template parameters are now type checked in template definitions,
+  including template template parameters.
 - Fixed an issue where emitted format-signedness diagnostics were not associated with an appropriate
   diagnostic id. Besides being incorrect from an API standpoint, this was user visible, e.g.:
   "format specifies type 'unsigned int' but the argument has type 'int' [-Wformat]"

clang/lib/Sema/SemaTemplate.cpp

@@ -5482,9 +5482,7 @@ bool Sema::CheckTemplateArgument(NamedDecl *Param, TemplateArgumentLoc &ArgLoc,
     if (NTTP->isParameterPack() && NTTP->isExpandedParameterPack())
       NTTPType = NTTP->getExpansionType(ArgumentPackIndex);
 
-    if (NTTPType->isInstantiationDependentType() &&
-        !isa<TemplateTemplateParmDecl>(Template) &&
-        !Template->getDeclContext()->isDependentContext()) {
+    if (NTTPType->isInstantiationDependentType()) {
       // Do substitution on the type of the non-type template parameter.
       InstantiatingTemplate Inst(*this, TemplateLoc, Template, NTTP,
                                  CTAI.SugaredConverted,
@@ -5494,6 +5492,7 @@ bool Sema::CheckTemplateArgument(NamedDecl *Param, TemplateArgumentLoc &ArgLoc,
 
       MultiLevelTemplateArgumentList MLTAL(Template, CTAI.SugaredConverted,
                                            /*Final=*/true);
+      MLTAL.addOuterRetainedLevels(NTTP->getDepth());
       // If the parameter is a pack expansion, expand this slice of the pack.
       if (auto *PET = NTTPType->getAs<PackExpansionType>()) {
         Sema::ArgPackSubstIndexRAII SubstIndex(*this, ArgumentPackIndex);

clang/test/SemaTemplate/temp_arg_template.cpp

@@ -117,16 +117,8 @@ namespace CheckDependentNonTypeParamTypes {
       X<int, long, 3> x;
     }
     void h() {
-      // FIXME: If we accept A<B> at all, it's not obvious what should happen
-      // here. While parsing the template, we form
-      //   X<unsigned char, int, (unsigned char)1234>
-      // but in the final instantiation do we get
-      //   B<unsigned char, int, (int)1234>
-      // or
-      //   B<unsigned char, int, (int)(unsigned char)1234>
-      // ?
       X<unsigned char, int, 1234> x;
-      int check[x.value == 1234 ? 1 : -1];
+      // expected-error@-1 {{evaluates to 1234, which cannot be narrowed to type 'unsigned char'}}
     }
   };
 
@@ -143,6 +135,20 @@ namespace CheckDependentNonTypeParamTypes {
     ab.g();
     ab.h();
   }
+
+  template<class> struct C {
+    template<class T, T V> struct D {};
+    using T = D<char, 1234>;
+    // expected-error@-1 {{evaluates to 1234, which cannot be narrowed to type 'char'}}
+  };
+
+  template<class T> struct E {
+    template <template <T V> class TT> struct F {
+      using X = TT<1234>;
+    };
+  };
+  // FIXME: This should be rejected, as there are no valid instantiations for E<char>::F
+  template struct E<char>;
 }
 
 namespace PR32185 {