BUG: arithmetic with reindex pow (#32734) (#32777)

Author: jbrockmendel

doc/source/whatsnew/v1.0.3.rst

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ including other versions of pandas.
 Fixed regressions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 - Fixed regression in ``resample.agg`` when the underlying data is non-writeable (:issue:`31710`)
+- Fixed regression in :class:`DataFrame` exponentiation with reindexing (:issue:`32685`)
 
 .. _whatsnew_103.bug_fixes:
 

pandas/core/ops/__init__.py

@@ -679,13 +679,17 @@ def to_series(right):
 
 
 def _should_reindex_frame_op(
-    left: "DataFrame", right, axis, default_axis: int, fill_value, level
+    left: "DataFrame", right, op, axis, default_axis: int, fill_value, level
 ) -> bool:
     """
     Check if this is an operation between DataFrames that will need to reindex.
     """
     assert isinstance(left, ABCDataFrame)
 
+    if op is operator.pow or op is rpow:
+        # GH#32685 pow has special semantics for operating with null values
+        return False
+
     if not isinstance(right, ABCDataFrame):
         return False
 
@@ -747,7 +751,9 @@ def _arith_method_FRAME(cls, op, special):
     @Appender(doc)
     def f(self, other, axis=default_axis, level=None, fill_value=None):
 
-        if _should_reindex_frame_op(self, other, axis, default_axis, fill_value, level):
+        if _should_reindex_frame_op(
+            self, other, op, axis, default_axis, fill_value, level
+        ):
             return _frame_arith_method_with_reindex(self, other, op)
 
         other = _align_method_FRAME(self, other, axis)

pandas/tests/frame/test_arithmetic.py

@@ -756,3 +756,27 @@ def test_frame_single_columns_object_sum_axis_1():
     result = df.sum(axis=1)
     expected = pd.Series(["A", 1.2, 0])
     tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+def test_pow_with_realignment():
+    # GH#32685 pow has special semantics for operating with null values
+    left = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 1, 2]})
+    right = pd.DataFrame(index=[0, 1, 2])
+
+    result = left ** right
+    expected = pd.DataFrame({"A": [np.nan, 1.0, np.nan]})
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+
+# TODO: move to tests.arithmetic and parametrize
+def test_pow_nan_with_zero():
+    left = pd.DataFrame({"A": [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan]})
+    right = pd.DataFrame({"A": [0, 0, 0]})
+
+    expected = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1.0, 1.0, 1.0]})
+
+    result = left ** right
+    tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    result = left["A"] ** right["A"]
+    tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected["A"])