gh-41157: fixing a few typos
    
found using codespell

### 📝 Checklist

- [x] The title is concise and informative.
- [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
    
URL: #41157
Reported by: Frédéric Chapoton
Reviewer(s):

Author: Release Manager

src/sage/cpython/dict_del_by_value.pyx

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def test_del_dictitem_by_exact_value(D, value, h):
     - ``h`` -- the hash of the key under which to find ``value`` in ``D``
 
     The underlying cdef function deletes an item from ``D`` that is in the
-    hash bucket determined by ``h`` and whose value is identic with
+    hash bucket determined by ``h`` and whose value is identical with
     ``value``. Of course, this only makes sense if the pairs ``(h, value)``
     corresponding to items in ``D`` are pair-wise distinct.
 

src/sage/geometry/lattice_polytope.py

@@ -450,8 +450,8 @@ def ReflexivePolytopes(dim):
     if _rp[dim] is None:
         db = DatabaseReflexivePolytopes()
         rp = read_all_polytopes(
-                os.path.join(os.path.dirname(db.absolute_filename()),
-                             f'reflexive_polytopes_{dim}d'))
+            os.path.join(os.path.dirname(db.absolute_filename()),
+                         f'reflexive_polytopes_{dim}d'))
         for n, p in enumerate(rp):
             # Data files have normal form of reflexive polytopes
             p.normal_form.set_cache(p._vertices)
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ def _compute_embedding(self) -> None:
         # Absolute value helps to keep normals "inner"
         self._dual_embedding_scale = abs(basis.det())
         dualbasis = matrix(ZZ, self._dual_embedding_scale * basis.inverse())
-        self._dual_embedding_matrix = dualbasis.submatrix(0,0,M.ncols())
+        self._dual_embedding_matrix = dualbasis.submatrix(0, 0, M.ncols())
 
     def _compute_facets(self):
         r"""
@@ -4008,7 +4008,7 @@ def skeleton_show(self, normal=None):
             raise NotImplementedError("skeleton view is implemented only in 3-d space")
         if normal is None:
             normal = [ZZ.random_element(20),ZZ.random_element(20),ZZ.random_element(20)]
-        normal = matrix(QQ,3,1,list(normal))
+        normal = matrix(QQ, 3, 1, list(normal))
         projectionm = normal.kernel().basis_matrix()
         positions = dict(enumerate([list(c) for c in (projectionm*self.points()).columns(copy=False)]))
         self.skeleton().show(pos=positions)
@@ -4311,7 +4311,7 @@ def __init__(self, data, Delta_polar, check=True):
         """
         if check and not Delta_polar.is_reflexive():
             raise ValueError("nef-partitions can be constructed for reflexive "
-                             "polytopes ony!")
+                             "polytopes only!")
         self._vertex_to_part = tuple(int(el) for el in data)
         self._nparts = max(self._vertex_to_part) + 1
         self._Delta_polar = Delta_polar
@@ -5646,7 +5646,7 @@ def positive_integer_relations(points):
     # Use the new relation to remove negative entries in non-pivot columns
     for i in range(n_nonpivots):
         for j in range(n):
-            coef = relations[j,nonpivots[i]]
+            coef = relations[j, nonpivots[i]]
             if coef < 0:
                 relations.add_multiple_of_row(j, n + i, -coef)
     # Get a new basis

src/sage/graphs/generators/trees.pyx

@@ -559,9 +559,9 @@ cdef class TreeIterator:
         sig_free(self.l)
         sig_free(self.current_level_sequence)
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
         r"""
-        Return a string representaiton of ``self``.
+        Return a string representation of ``self``.
 
         EXAMPLES::
 

src/sage/graphs/graph.py

@@ -2937,7 +2937,7 @@ def is_chordal_bipartite(self, certificate=False):
           (:meth:`~sage.graphs.bipartite_graph.BipartiteGraph.reduced_adjacency_matrix`)
           of a bipartite graph has no cycle submatrix if and only if the graph is
           chordal bipartite, where cycle submatrix is 0-1 `n \times n` matrix `n \geq 3`
-          with exactly two 1's in each row and column and no proper submatrix satsify
+          with exactly two 1's in each row and column and no proper submatrix satisfy
           this property.
 
         * A doubly lexical ordering

src/sage/graphs/matching_covered_graph.py

@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ def add_edges(self, edges, loops=False):
                 M.add_edges(self.get_matching())
 
                 # Check if M is a perfect matching of the resulting graph
-                if (G.order() != 2*M.size()):
+                if (G.order() != 2 * M.size()):
                     M = None
 
                 self.__init__(data=G, matching=M)
@@ -1974,7 +1974,7 @@ def delete_vertices(self, vertices):
             # must be a valid perfect matching of the resulting graph obtained
             # after the removal of the vertices
 
-            if (G.order() != 2*M.size()):
+            if (G.order() != 2 * M.size()):
                 M = None
 
             self.__init__(data=G, matching=M)
@@ -2043,7 +2043,7 @@ def maximal_barrier(self, vertex):
 
         And in order to find the vertices that do not lie in the maximal
         barrier containing the provided vertex in linear time we take
-        inspiration of the `M` alternating tree seach method [LR2004]_.
+        inspiration of the `M` alternating tree search method [LR2004]_.
 
         INPUT:
 
@@ -2825,8 +2825,8 @@ def dfs(x, visited, neighbor_iterator):
 
                 # Compute the nontrivial tight cut C := ∂(Y)
                 C = [(x, y, w) if x in X else (y, x, w)
-                    for x, y, w in self.edge_iterator(sort_vertices=True)
-                    if (x in X) ^ (y in X)]
+                     for x, y, w in self.edge_iterator(sort_vertices=True)
+                     if (x in X) ^ (y in X)]
 
                 # Obtain the barrier Z
                 Z = None

src/sage/interfaces/khoca.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 r"""
 Interface to Khoca
 
-Khoca is computer program writen by Lukas Lewark to calculate sl(N)-homology
+Khoca is computer program written by Lukas Lewark to calculate sl(N)-homology
 of knots and links. It calculates the following:
 
 * Khovanov sl(2)-homology of arbitrary links, given as a braid or in PD code.

src/sage/modules/free_module.py

@@ -3175,7 +3175,7 @@ def pseudohom(self, f, twist, codomain=None, side="left"):
 
         - ``twist`` -- the twisting morphism or the twisting derivation
           (if a derivation is given, the corresponding morphism `\theta`
-          is automatically infered;
+          is automatically inferred;
           see also :class:`sage.rings.polynomial.ore_polynomial_ring.OrePolynomialRing`)
 
         - ``codomain`` -- (default: ``None``) the codomain of the pseudo

src/sage/rings/function_field/function_field_test.py

@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ def T(F):
 #   https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/349
 #
 pairs = [("J", None),
-          ("K", 16),
-          ("L", 2),
-          ("M", 1),
-          ("N", 1),
-          ("O", None),
-          ("T", None),
-          ("S", 8)]
+         ("K", 16),
+         ("L", 2),
+         ("M", 1),
+         ("N", 1),
+         ("O", None),
+         ("T", None),
+         ("S", 8)]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("ff,max_runs", pairs)
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ def test_function_field_testsuite(ff, max_runs, request) -> None:
     The inputs are essentially all fixtures.
 
     - ``ff`` -- string; a function field fixture name
-    - ``max_runs`` -- integer; the maxmimum number of times to
+    - ``max_runs`` -- integer; the maximum number of times to
       repeat the test suite
     - ``request`` -- fixture; a pytest built-in
 

src/sage/rings/polynomial/polydict.pyx

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ cdef class PolyDict:
     Data structure for multivariate polynomials.
 
     A PolyDict holds a dictionary all of whose keys are :class:`ETuple` and
-    whose values are coefficients on which it is implicitely assumed that
+    whose values are coefficients on which it is implicitly assumed that
     arithmetic operations can be performed.
 
     No arithmetic operation on :class:`PolyDict` clear zero coefficients as of

src/sage/rings/polynomial/polynomial_element.pyx

@@ -2260,7 +2260,7 @@ cdef class Polynomial(CommutativePolynomial):
             else:
                 # Compute the trace of T with field of order 2^k
                 # sum T^(2^i) for i in range (degree * k)
-                # We use repeated squaring to avoid redundent multiplications
+                # We use repeated squaring to avoid redundant multiplications
                 C, TT = T, T
                 for _ in range(degree * self.base_ring().degree() - 1):
                     TT = TT * TT % self