Fix SageMath syntax highlighting configuration and enhance grammar patterns

[Copilot]

The syntax highlighting for SageMath (.sage) files was not working properly due to misconfigured language settings and incomplete grammar patterns. Looking at the extension configuration, there were several critical issues:

Issues Fixed

1. Incorrect Language Configuration: The configuration field in package.json was incorrectly pointing to the TextMate grammar file (syntaxes/sage.tmLanguage.json) instead of a proper language configuration file. This prevented VS Code from properly recognizing language-specific features like comments, brackets, and auto-closing pairs.

2. Limited SageMath Syntax Coverage: The existing TextMate grammar had only basic patterns and didn't cover many essential SageMath constructs like number systems (ZZ, QQ, CC), built-in functions (var, solve, plot), and mathematical operators (^, ^^).

3. Missing Language Features: No support for proper indentation rules, word patterns, or comprehensive bracket handling.

Changes Made

Fixed Configuration Structure

• Created proper language-configuration.json with comment definitions, bracket pairs, auto-closing pairs, and indentation rules
• Updated package.json to correctly reference the language configuration file

Enhanced TextMate Grammar

Completely rewrote syntaxes/sage.tmLanguage.json with comprehensive pattern matching for:

• Number Systems & Rings: ZZ, QQ, RR, CC, GF, Zmod, NumberField, etc.
• Algebraic Structures: PolynomialRing, MatrixSpace, VectorSpace, FiniteField
• Built-in Functions: var, solve, diff, integrate, plot, matrix, factor, mathematical functions
• Mathematical Constants: pi, e, I, infinity, oo, golden_ratio
• Special Operators: ^ (exponentiation), ^^ (XOR), .. (range notation)
• Ring Notation: Support for R.<x,y> = PolynomialRing(QQ) syntax

Maintained Python Compatibility

The grammar still includes Python syntax inheritance via "include": "source.python", ensuring all Python constructs are properly highlighted while adding SageMath-specific enhancements.

Example

With these changes, SageMath code like this will now be properly highlighted:

# Variable declarations and number systems
var('x y z')
R = ZZ
Q = QQ

# Polynomial rings with proper syntax
R.<x,y> = PolynomialRing(QQ)

# Mathematical expressions with operators
f = x^2 + sin(pi*x) + e^x
derivative = diff(f, x)
roots = solve(f == 0, x)

# Matrix operations and plotting
M = matrix(QQ, [[1, 2], [3, 4]])
plot(f, (x, -pi, pi))

Fixes #8.

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[RedCMD]

@copilot please use multi-line begin/end for strings instead of match
and take escapes into account as well